An energy source that can replenish itself such as wind, solar, hydropower, geothermal, or even biomass is “renewable.” Many of those are also “sustainable” meaning they could continuously be used to provide enough energy to maintain the current status quo; however, some are not quite clean enough. One such unsustainable example is biofuel, where it is necessary to grow and harvest a plant-based product that overall emits more climate-affecting gasses upon its use — not a “sustainable” solution for future generations.

There are so many variables regarding which solutions can be used in various locations: how to maximize outputs while minimizing inputs, energy storage and transmission/distribution, the necessary regulation and fairness for places with economic disparities. Despite complexity we do have clear understanding of how to implement better methods today, what is needed is the pressure and will to do so at the appropriate scale.

Today the top greenhouse gas emissions come from companies in the business of energy production itself, such as fossil fuels like oil and coal. See the link below for the top culprits by country, sector, per capita, and company. Being informed can help the choices we make as consumers and assist in holding entities accountable. As stakeholders we have the important role of influencing governing bodies to be accountable for global trade and environmental safety regulations.