Insects, such as bees and beetles, play crucial roles in our gardens and local ecosystems by pollinating plants, aerating the soil, and acting as a food source for birds and other wildlife. Despite their importance, many insect populations are declining. Bug hotels combat this trend by providing safe nesting sites for various insects.

You may have seen pre-made bug hotels available for sale, or DIY plans online. While these are well-intentioned and can serve as a starting point, these one-size-fits-all plans often do not provide suitable nesting sites. To create a safe and sustainable insect hotel, consider the following elements:

1. Start with the End in Mind: Start by deciding which insects you want to attract, and then design your bug hotel to their specific needs. If you’re specifically interested in supporting bees, check out the bee hotel guide in the “Action” link below.
2. Smaller is Better: While it may seem preferable to have one large insect hotel, having different species nesting in such close proximity can actually lead to disease and parasitism, not to mention the difficulty of meeting different species’ diverse needs. Instead of building one large “insect condominium,” create multiple small units, each designed for a specific species.
3. Use the Right Materials: Varnish, paint, and treated wood can all repel insects, so avoid these in your designs. To promote sustainability, do your best to use upcycled or responsibly-foraged natural materials, instead of buying new. Whatever material you use, be sure that the structure is sturdy and has a solid roof to protect it from the rain.
4. Regular Maintenance: Keep an eye on the cleanliness of your hotel. When an insect vacates a tube, give it a clean or replace it to prevent the spread of germs or parasites.
5. Renew When Needed: Since it’s made of untreated wood, your bug hotel will naturally degrade over time. Replace parts as needed, especially the nesting areas, which should be replaced every two years to prevent mold and parasite buildup.

In addition to bug hotels, there are tons of other ways to support pollinators in your garden. Planting native plants that bloom at different times will provide a steady supply of food and shelter to local insect populations. Pollinators also need water, so a clean source of water with safe landing spots is critical. Most importantly, you should limit or eliminate the use of chemical herbicides and pesticides. By implementing these habits along with your bug hotel(s), you’ll be providing a healthy ecosystem that supports a wide range of beneficial insects. So, check out the links below to get started on your bug hotel today—your garden will thank you!