The Gaia Hypothesis was proposed in the 1970s by scientists Lynn Margulis and James Lovelock, who suggested that the Earth functions as a single, self-regulating system made up of both living (organic) and non-living (inorganic) components. This includes the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and pedosphere. According to this theory, when changes occur—such as the warming or salting of oceans—these alterations disrupt the homeostasis of the entire system. Although the Gaia Hypothesis has been influential, it has also been met with skepticism within the scientific community. Margulis and Lovelock always presented it as a hypothesis, not a proven fact.

Intergenerational equity is the principle that we, as people living today, have a significant responsibility toward future generations. Our actions—whether financial, environmental, or social—carry consequences that will be felt by those who come after us. Just as financial burdens like national debt are passed on, so too are the impacts of our environmental choices. We inherit a world shaped by past generations, and in turn, we shape the world that future generations will inherit.

The concept of Seven Generation stewardship is rooted in the wisdom of the Haudenosaunee (or Iroquois) peoples of North America. This principle suggests that we should consider the effects of our actions on seven generations—three generations that came before us and three that will come after. This 360-year perspective encourages long-term thinking and accountability. If we apply this framework to today’s climate crisis, the question becomes clear: shouldn’t we do everything in our power to address the existential threat of climate change and ensure a livable planet for those who come after us?